搭建流程
Step 1. 安装 Hugo
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choco install hugo-extended
choco 管理器中存在包 hugo 和 hugo-extended，但很多主题需要 extended 支持（包括 FixIt）。
Step 2. 新建站点并设置 FixIt 主题
依次执行下面的命令：
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hugo new site hackroot
cd .\h ackroot\
git submodule add https://github.com/hugo-fixit/FixIt.git themes/FixIt
echo "theme = 'FixIt'" >> hugo.toml
echo "defaultContentLanguage = 'zh-cn'" >> hugo.toml
hugo new content posts/my-first-post.md
hugo server -D -e production
访问 http://localhost:1313/ 可以进入博客首页并看到第一篇文章。
此处可能会出现警告 “您正在使用开发版的 FixIt，请考虑使用稳定版”，但可以正常生成页面。但实际部署中，当使用
release 的最新版本时，反而会出现 “Page not found” 的错误。建议忽略上述警告，直接使用开发版的 FixIt。
在目录 themes\FixIt\hugo.toml 中有详细的 FixIt 配置文件示例，参考其修改根目录下的 hugo.toml 即可自由设置你的博客。这里给出一个简单的搭配：
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baseURL = 'https://example.org/'
languageCode = 'en-us'
title = 'hackroot'
theme = 'FixIt'
defaultContentLanguage = 'zh-cn'
enableEmoji = true
[ menu ]
[[ menu . main ]]
identifier = "articles"
name = "文章"
url = "/"
[ menu . main . params ]
icon = "fa-solid fa-newspaper"
[[ menu . main ]]
identifier = "archives"
parent = "articles"
name = "归档"
url = "/archives/"
weight = 1
[ menu . main . params ]
icon = "fa-solid fa-archive"
divided = true
[[ menu . main ]]
identifier = "categories"
parent = "articles"
name = "分类"
url = "/categories/"
weight = 2
[ menu . main . params ]
icon = "fa-solid fa-folder-tree"
[[ menu . main ]]
identifier = "tags"
parent = "articles"
name = "标签"
url = "/tags/"
weight = 3
[ menu . main . params ]
icon = "fa-solid fa-tags"
[ params ]
[ params . author ]
name = "hackroot"
email = "lijingze8@outlook.com"
link = ""
avatar = ""
[ params . search ]
enable = true
type = "fuse"
[ params . header ]
[ params . header . title ]
typeit = true
[ params . breadcrumb ]
enable = true
sticky = false
showHome = false
separator = "/"
capitalize = true
[ params . navigation ]
inSection = true
reverse = true
[ params . footer ]
author = false
since = "2024"
[ params . footer . siteTime ]
enable = true
animate = true
icon = "fa-solid fa-heartbeat"
pre = "上线"
value = "2024-12-19T03:00:00+08:00"
[ params . tagcloud ]
enable = true
[ params . typeit ]
speed = 300
cursorChar = "|"
loop = true
[ params . backToTop ]
scrollpercent = true
[ params . readingProgress ]
enable = true
[ params . pace ]
enable = true
color = "blue"
theme = "flash"
[ params . page ]
[ params . page . related ]
enable = true
count = 5
[ markup ]
_merge = "shallow"
[ outputs ]
_merge = "shallow"
[ taxonomies ]
_merge = "shallow"
Step 3. 阅读官方说明文档进行更详细的设置
阿里云部署和同步
Step 1. 安装 Hugo 并启动站点
和上述步骤类似，依次执行下面的命令：
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wget https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases/download/v0.140.0/hugo_extended_0.140.0_linux-amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i hugo_extended_0.140.0_linux-amd64.deb
hugo new site hackroot
cd ./hackroot/
git init
git submodule add https://github.com/hugo-fixit/FixIt.git themes/FixIt
和上面不同的是，需要使用 Nginx 进行反向代理，将 80 端口的流量转发到 1313。修改文件 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf，加入
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server {
listen 80 ;
server_name your_domain_or_IP ;
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:1313 ;
proxy_set_header Host $host ;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr ;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for ;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme ;
}
}
将 your_domain_or_IP 改为你的服务器的 IP 地址或你的域名。再依次执行下面的命令启动站点：
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nginx -t
systemctl restart nginx
tmux
hugo server -e production
Step 2. 同步文章
我们使用 scp 同步本地文件 hugo.toml 和本地目录 content/，
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scp .\h ugo.toml root@your_IP:/path/to/hackroot/
scp -r .\c ontent\ root@your_IP:/path/to/hackroot/
也可以把上述命令打包成 .ps1 脚本进行执行。Hugo 会自动监控你的更新并即时生成新的静态网页。
我们还可以使用 git 找到修改过的文章，并进行同步，如下为 Powershell 脚本：
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$remoteHost = "156.236.74.8"
$remoteUser = "root"
$remotePath = "/root/hackroot/"
$pattern = "^( M|\?\?) content/posts|hugo\.toml"
$modifiedFiles = git status - -porcelain | Select-String -Pattern $pattern | ForEach-Object { $_ . Line . Substring ( 3 ) }
foreach ( $file in $modifiedFiles ) {
if ( $file -eq "hugo.toml" ) {
$path = $file
} else {
$path = ( $file -split '/' )[ 0 ..(( $file -split '/' ). Count - 2 )] -join '/'
}
if ( Test-Path -Path $path -PathType Container ) {
$scpCommand = "scp -r $file $remoteUser @ $remoteHost " + ":" + " $remotePath " + " $path "
} else {
$scpCommand = "scp $file $remoteUser @ $remoteHost " + ":" + " $remotePath " + " $path "
}
echo $scpCommand
Invoke-Expression $scpCommand
}
if ( $modifiedFiles ) {
git add .
git commit -m "update"
}
可能会出现警告
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warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in public/posts/583bc6c/index.html.
The file will have its original line endings in your working directory
我们可以使用 git config core.autocrlf false 关闭该仓库下 CRLF 的自动转换。
Bash 脚本如下：
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#!/bin/bash
remoteHost = "156.236.74.8"
remoteUser = "root"
remotePath = "/root/hackroot/"
pattern = "^( M|\?\?|AM) content/posts|hugo\.toml"
modifiedFiles = $( git status --porcelain | grep -E " $pattern " | cut -c4-)
for file in $modifiedFiles ; do
if [[ " $file " == "hugo.toml" ]] ; then
path = " $file "
else
path = $( dirname " $file " )
fi
if [[ -d " $path " ]] ; then
scpCommand = "scp -r $file $remoteUser @ $remoteHost : $remotePath$path "
else
scpCommand = "scp $file $remoteUser @ $remoteHost : $remotePath$path "
fi
echo $scpCommand
eval $scpCommand
done
if [[ -n " $modifiedFiles " ]] ; then
git add .
git commit -m "update"
fi
如果本地和服务端都安装了 rsync，则也可以直接通过其进行同步：
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#!/bin/bash
remoteHost = "156.236.74.8"
remoteUser = "root"
rsync -avz --delete -e ssh ./content/posts \
$remoteUser @$remoteHost :/root/hackroot/content
rsync -e ssh ./hugo.toml \
$remoteUser @$remoteHost :/root/hackroot/hugo.toml
git add .
git commit -m "update"
Step 3. 自动配置 HTTPS
使用 certbot 自动申请并配置 HTTPS 证书：
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sudo apt install certbot
sudo apt install python3-certbot-nginx
certbot --nginx
由于证书每 90 天就会过期，使用 crontab 每天 2 点检查是否过期并更新：
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0 2 * * * certbot renew --quiet